Since the development of the CAPM, which explains about two-thirds of the variation of returns among diversified portfolios, academic research has attempted to find models that increase the explanatory power of the cross-section of stock returns. Models are not like cameras that provide an exact

Trading technology continues to make trading of stocks easier, cheaper, and faster However, despite this and other financial innovations like ETFs, the US stock market structure hasn’t changed Likely explained by the fact that its core participants are unable to change INTRODUCTION Consider the

As a whole, Tactical Asset Allocation (TAA) did not manage losses during the 2022 bear market as well as it has during previous downturns. Individual strategies varied and some did well, but a primary function of TAA is loss management, and any failure to do so is worth analyzing further. In this

I want to discuss a couple of simple trade-off considerations around quant trading signals that may not be obvious. Here’s the price of some asset: Our main job is to predict how it’s likely to move. To do this, you use information about it that you think is predictive. And at any point in time:

Volatility estimation and forecasting plays a crucial role in many areas of finance. For example, standard risk-based portfolio allocation methods (minimum variance, equal risk contributions, hierarchical risk parity…) critically depend on the ability to build accurate volatility forecasts1.

Value investing originated as an investment strategy in which investors try to beat the stock market by looking for stocks that trade at a price below their intrinsic value or book value. Value investors do not subscribe to the efficient-market hypothesis, which suggests that stock prices always

Pump-and-Dump (P&D) schemes to manipulate the prices of cryptocurrencies are unlike the P&D schemes found in the equity market. They produce very large price distortions on the order of 65%, very large trading volumes of 13.5x the average, and generate very large profits to cryptocurrency

Convertible bonds are typically viewed as debt rather than equity instruments However, these are highly correlated to equities The diversification benefits are limited as these just represent diluted equity proxies INTRODUCTION Let’s say you’re the CEO of a small listed company that isn’t

Seasonality effects, one of the most fascinating phenomena in the world of finance, have captured the attention of investors and researchers worldwide. Since these anomalies are often driven by factors other than general market trends, they usually don’t correlate strongly with market movements,

TL;DR – There really is a low volatility anomaly in the SPY data; low volatility today predicts low volatility tomorrow and risk-adjusted returns are higher investing daily in the lower vol half of predicted market days. Same data, new analysis, better graphs and you’ll see it too. First up, a

The article investigates time-series (TS) momentum strategies and their performance in financial markets based on various speeds or lookback horizons. The study aims to understand the connections between different speeds of TS momentum, unobservable variables like trend, turning points, and noise

Machine Learning (ML) has emerged as a powerful tool in the field of Artificial Intelligence, revolutionising various aspects of our lives. Whether it's recognising human handwriting or enabling self-driving cars, ML has become an integral part of our daily routines. With the exponential growth

There are style factors like value and traditional fixed income factors like term premium The correlations of these factors has been low However, it is not clear which are better suited for a factor exposure analysis INTRODUCTION In our last research article, we compared fixed income factors from

If you’ve been a reader of this newsletter for a while, or a student of Getting Started With Python for Quant Finance, you’ll recognize this statement: Backtests are not a way to brute force optimize parameters to maximize a performance metric. Doing that leads to overfitting and losses. But

Bank lending surveys help predict the relative performance of equity and duration positions. Signals of strengthening credit demand and easing lending conditions favor a stronger economy and expanding leverage, benefiting equity positions. Signs of deteriorating credit demand and tightening credit

Traders typically have many ideas for trading strategies – more than they can ever implement in practice! Therefore it’s useful to be able to move quickly in the early research phase. You want to disprove things as quickly as possible so that you can move onto the next thing. Obviously there is

The correlation between stocks and bonds should be a critical component of any asset allocation decision, as it impacts not only the overall risk of a diversified multi-asset class portfolio but also the risk premia one should expect to receive for taking risk in different asset classes. The problem

Are rising interest rates straining balance sheets and increasing the risk of bankruptcies? This article investigates two financial distress factors, the Altman Z-Score and interest coverage ratio, to see if distress is on the rise and how it impacts stock returns. This post is part of the

As we advance into our third year on this blog - it’s dawning upon me that many of the readers are getting left behind…the biggest concern by far is the complexity of the current Russian Doll model and not being sure how to proceed with using the statistical suite presented therein, together

This is a test of the “TrendYCMacro” strategy from the paper Avoid Equity Bear Markets with a Market Timing Strategy from Ďurian and Vojtko of Quantpedia. The strategy combines trends in price, the slope of the yield curve and key economic indicators to switch between US equities and cash.

Short-term return anomalies are generally dismissed in the academic literature “because they seemingly do not survive after accounting for market frictions.” In this research, short-term “factors” are taken seriously, and the authors argue the standard parameters may not apply to short

Over the long term, low-investment firms have outperformed high-investment firms. This finding has led to the investment factor (CMA, or conservative minus aggressive) being incorporated into the leading asset pricing models—the four-factor q-theory model (market beta, size, investment, and

Autocorrelation is a statistical concept that measures the correlation between observations of a time series and its lagged values. It is commonly used in various fields, including trading for technical analysis, to identify patterns, trends, and relationships within data. Autocorrelation helps

If there’s one thing algorithmic traders cannot get enough of, it’s data. The data that fuels our strategies is more than just numbers—it’s the lifeblood of our decision-making processes. And having data available locally—or at least within your control—is a big part of that. In

Predicting Financial Crises: The Role of Asset Prices Tristan Hennig (International Monetary Fund), et al. August 2023 We explore the early warning properties of a composite indicator which summarizes signals from a range of asset price growth and asset price volatility indicators to capture

Today, August 28th, 2023, my company Newfound Research turns 15. It feels kind of absurd saying that. I know I’ve told this story before, but I never actually expected this company to turn into anything. I started the company while I was still in undergrad and I named it Newfound Research after a

The research questions of the article are as follows: How can a Hidden Markov Model be applied to identify regimes of shifting inflation? What are the characteristics and descriptive information of the identified inflation regimes? Which economic variables are the determinants of inflation and how

AutoAlpha: an Efficient Hierarchical Evolutionary Algorithm for Mining Alpha Factors in Quantitative Investment – Tianping Zhang, Yuanqi Li, Yifei Jin, Jian Li The multi-factor model is a widely used model in quantitative investment. The success of a multi-factor model is largely determined by the

I’m a little embarrassed to admit this, I was recently in a quant interview and the interviewer quickly realised that I didn’t know the Black-Scholes formula! That was definitely a moment when imposter syndrome became reality. To fix the situation, I’ve written up an easy intro to the

Launching a career as a risk quant requires a well-thought-out strategy that combines a strong educational foundation, technical skills, and an understanding of the evolving landscape of risk management. To embark on this journey, aspiring risk quants should start by building a solid educational

Business sentiment is a key driver of inventory dynamics in global industry and, therefore, a powerful indicator of aggregate demand for industrial commodities. Changes in manufacturing business confidence can be aggregated by industry size across all major economies to give a powerful directional

As a general rule of thumb, the more complexity that exists in a Wall Street creation, the faster and farther investors should run. —David Swensen, Unconventional Success Structured products are packages of synthetic investment instruments specifically designed to appeal to needs that investors

In the previous posts of this series, I detailed a methodology to perform stress tests on a correlation matrix by linearly shrinking a baseline correlation matrix toward an equicorrelation matrix or, more generally, toward the lower and upper bounds of its coefficients. This methodology allows to

Although the relationship is not immediately clear and obvious, the structural engineering has a lot in common with financial assets. In both cases we deal with the objects under stress over their entire lifetimes. There are two possible outcomes: something can break or perform well. The engineers

Sector neutralization is a technique to hedge out sector bets and reduce the impact of sector-specific risks on the portfolio by ranking factors within sectors rather than across sectors. This post uses the debt-to-equity ratio to show why sector neutralization is important and how to perform it in

Principal component analysis (PCA) is used widely in data science. It’s a way to reduce the number of dimensions in a data set. It’s also used in quant finance to find alpha. In a stock portfolio, a dimension might be a column of returns for one of the stocks. Once you get the model built, you

We’ve previously covered Link’s Global Growth Cycle strategy, which uses OECD Composite Leading Indicator (CLI) data to time the market. The strategy has navigated the market gyrations over the last few years well, so naturally it’s gotten the attention of members. Recent strategy results

In 2021, James, I, and a small team decided to set up a crypto trading venture. We faced several problems, but knowing almost nothing about crypto was the most significant. We sensed that the fractured, developing nature of the crypto market would likely be a good place to seek out inefficiencies,

Factor seasonality always seemed to be an idea that was too close to factor timing to help build factor strategies. Surprisingly, the authors find a substantial factor seasonality effect across global markets, suggesting that the assumption is unwarranted. This is the first study I have encountered

Portfolio Selection via Topological Data Analysis – Petr Sokerin, Kristian Kuznetsov, Elizaveta Makhneva, Alexey Zaytsev Portfolio management is an essential part of investment decision-making. However, traditional methods often fail to deliver reasonable performance. This problem stems from the

In March, we posted a series of three articles where our goal was to construct a market timing strategy that would reliably sidestep the equity market during bear markets. Each article focused on trading signals based on a specific group of indicators, namely, price-based indicators, macroeconomic

Expanding the Fama-French Factor Model with the Industry Beta Anatoly B. Schmidt (NYU Tandon School of Engineering) August 2023 Recently it was shown that the news-based stock pricing model (NBSPM) outperforms the momentum-enhanced five-factor Fama-French model (FF5M) for a representative list of

We cannot start without a cheap quip: Technical analysis is an astrology for men. Market technicians believe that prices currently contain all information about any asset. It is undoubtedly an oversimplified assumption, as the market is much more complex than that. But suppose you try to use

A big issue for me with this project is: how do we validate this whole approach? We started out with a super simple vol-based timing strategy (long/flat market exposure). I rather glibly state that realized (or perhaps more properly, historical) volatility is a “sensible, logical, statistically

We are often asked about stock market valuation models such as Shiller’s CAPE Ratio and the Buffet Indicator. These models predict long-term returns, usually forecasting the next 10 years. Our recent analysis of one such valuation model, the Aggregate Investor Allocation to Equities, motivated us

Picture this: you're about to board a 10-hour flight. As you board the plane (or maybe some time waiting at the gate), a notification pops up in your pocket. You're busy with other things, so you ignore it and forget about it (in fact, you're used to ignoring notifications because you

One particularly notable indicator change that occurred at the close on Friday is that out NASDAQ/SPX Relative Leadership indicator flipped so that it is now showing the SPX as leading and the NASDAQ as lagging. This can be seen in the chart below. NASDAQ/SPX Relative Strength shows NASDAQ faltering

Buying cheap growth stocks is intuitively appealing to investors Almost 50% of the US stocks are trading below a PEG ratio of 1 currently However, GARP stocks have not generated positive excess returns since 2005 INTRODUCTION In 2019, we published a research note on growth-at-reasonable-price (GARP)

AutoGluon-TimeSeries: AutoML for Probabilistic Time Series Forecasting – Oleksandr Shchur, Caner Turkmen, Nick Erickson, Huibin Shen, Alexander Shirkov, Tony Hu, Yuyang Wang We introduce AutoGluon-TimeSeries – an open-source AutoML library for probabilistic time series forecasting. Focused on

The business cycle is a pattern that captures changes in economic activity over time. The changes in the business cycle occur in a sequential or serial manner, moving through a predictable sequence of phases. These cycles are consistent but vary in both duration and intensity. The phases of the